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An attributive verb is a verb that modifies (expresses an attribute of) a noun in the manner of an attributive adjective, rather than express an independent idea as a predicate. In English (and in most European languages), verb forms that can be used attributively are typically non-finite forms—participles and infinitives—as well as certain verb-derived words that function as ordinary adjectives. All words of these types may be called verbal adjectives, although those of the latter type (those that behave grammatically like ordinary adjectives, with no verb-like features) may be distinguished as deverbal adjectives.〔Rodney Huddleston, ''Introduction to the Grammar of English'', CUP, 1984, p. 100.〕 An example of a verbal adjective with verb-like features is the word ''wearing'' in the sentence ''The man wearing a hat is my father'' (it behaves as a verb in taking an object, ''a hat'', although the resulting phrase ''wearing a hat'' functions like an attributive adjective in modifying ''man''). An example of a deverbal adjective is the word ''interesting'' in ''That was a very interesting speech''; although it is derived from the verb ''to interest'', it behaves here entirely like an ordinary adjective such as ''nice'' or ''long''. However, some languages, such as Japanese and Chinese, can use finite verbs attributively. In such a language, ''the man wearing a hat'' might translate, word-for-word, into ''the wears a hat man''. Here, the function of an attributive adjective is played by the phrase ''wears a hat'', which is headed by the finite verb ''wears''. This is a kind of relative clause. ==English== As mentioned above, verb forms that are used attributively in English are often called verbal adjectives, or in some cases deverbal adjectives (if they no longer behave grammatically as verbs). The truly "verbal" adjectives are non-finite verb forms: participles (present and past), and sometimes ''to''-infinitives. These act as verbs in that they form a verb phrase, possibly taking objects and other dependents and modifiers that are typical of verbs; however that verb phrase then plays the role of an attributive adjective in the larger sentence. In the following examples, the attributive verb is bolded, and the verb phrase acting as the attributive adjective is shown in italics. *The cat ''sitting on the fence'' is mine. *The actor ''given the prize'' is not my favorite. *This is a great place ''to eat''. Deverbal adjectives often have the same form as (and similar meaning to) the participles, but behave grammatically purely as adjectives – they do not take objects, for example, as a verb might. For example: *It was a very exciting game. *Interested parties should apply to the office. Sometimes deverbal adjectives additionally take prefixes, as in ''hand-fed turkeys'', ''uneaten food'' and ''meat-eating animals''. Some compound adjectives are formed using the plain infinitive form of the verb, as in ''a no-go area'' or ''no-fly zone'',〔Further examples: ''no-fly list'', ''non-stick pan'', ''no-lose situation'', ''no-rinse shampoo'', ''no-bake cookies''. Although some of these words could arguably be nouns, that is not the case with ''fly, stick, lose, bake''. Compare ''no-flight zone, no-loss guarantee'', which use attributive nouns. See (''Language Log'': No what zone? )〕 and ''take-away food''. Occasionally they are finite verb phrases: ''a must-see movie''; ''their can-do attitude''. Verbal and deverbal adjectives can often also be used as predicate (rather than attributive) adjectives, as in ''The game was exciting''; ''The cat was sitting on the fence''. Deverbal adjectives may form further derivatives, such as adverbs (''excitedly'', ''interestingly''). English has analogous types of verbal nouns (truly verbal kinds – gerunds and infinitives – and deverbal nouns). Deverbal nouns may also be used attributively, as noun adjuncts, as in ''a swimming competition''. For more details of the usage of some of the above verb forms, see Uses of non-finite verbs in English. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「attributive verb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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